Central Retinal Vein Occlusions (CRVO) pada Pasien Hipertensi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v5i2.194Keywords:
CRVO, hipertensi, dislipidemia, iskemia, gangguan penglihatanAbstract
Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko penting untuk terjadinya komplikasi mikrovaskular seperti di pembuluh darah retina, seperti retinopati hipertensi dan oklusi pembuluh darah vena retina sentral atau cabang. Oklusi vena retina sentralis (central retinal vein occlusions CRVO) adalah salah satu penyebab tertinggi gangguan penglihatan dan kebutaan. Pasien adalah laki-laki berusia 65 tahun dengan keluhan penglihatan mata kiri buram sejak 1-2 bulan yang lalu dengan riwayat hipertensi. Hasil pemeriksaan oftalmologis memperlihatkan visus terbaik mata kanan (OD) 6/9 dan mata kiri (OS) 1/60; terdapat relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) pada OS; fundus OD dalam batas normal; fundus OS terdapat perdarahan di 4 kuadran retina, pembuluh vena melebar dan berkelok-kelok, edema retina-makula-papil N II. Tidak ada rubeosis iris dan peningkatan tekanan bola mata (TIO). Faktor risiko yang ditemukan adalah hipertensi dan dislipidemia. Pasien didiagnosis dengan unilateral CRVO dengan beberapa faktor risiko. Tata laksana meliputi kontrol ketat untuk evaluasi segmen anterior posterior mata, dan mengendalikan faktor risiko untuk mencegah CRVO pada mata sebelahnya.
References
2. Green WR. Retina. In Spencer WH (Ed): Ophthalmic pathology. Ophthalmic pathology, an atlas and textbook. 3rd ed. Philadephia. WB Saunders Company; 1985.
3. Science of CRVO. An informational guide on central retinal vein occlusions. 2013;Available from: http://www.eylea.com/static/documents/InformationalGuide-ScienceofCRVO.pdf.
4. Klein R, Moss SE, Meuer SM, Klein BE. The 15-year cumulative incidence of retinal vein occlusion: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Archives of ophthalmology. 2008;126(4):513–518.
5. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. Risk factors for central retinal vein occlusion. Archives of Ophthalmology. 1996;114(5):545.
6. Haller JA, Bandello F, Belfort R, Blumenkranz MS, Gillies M, Heier J, et al. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in patients with macular edema related to branch or central retinal vein occlusion: twelve-month study results. Ophthalmology. 2011;118(12):2453–2460.
7. AAO. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion; 2016. Available from: http://www.aao.org/focalpointssnippetdetail.aspx?id=cb1fb19b-f9f9-4557-b165-f4104677a5dd.
8. The Royal College of Ophthalmologists. Clinical guidelines: retinal vein occlusions (RVO) guidelines. Eye. 2015;.
9. Freidman N, Kaiser P, Trattler W. Central retinal vein occlusion. Review of ophthalmology. 2005;329.
10. The Central Vein Occlusion Study Group. Natural history and clinical management of central retinal vein occlusion. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:486–491.
11. Alasil T, Lee N, Keane P, Sadda S. Central retinal vein occlusion: a case report and review of the literature. Cases journal. 2009;2(1):7170.
12. Braithwaite T, Nanji AA, Lindsley K, Greenberg PB. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for macular oedema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;5.
13. Brown DM, Heier JS, Clark WL, Boyer DS, Vitti R, Berliner AJ, et al. Intravitreal aflibercept injection for macular oedema Scott IU, Ip MS, VanVeldhuisen PC, Oden NL, Blodi BA, Fisher M, Chan CK, Gonzalez VH, Singerman LJ, Tolentino M; SCORE Study Research Group. A randomised trial comparing the efficacy and safety of intravitreal triamcinolone with standard care to treat vision loss associated with macular Edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion: the Standard Care vs Corticosteroid for Retinal Vein Occlusion (SCORE) study report 6. American journal of ophthalmology. 2009;127(9):1115–.
14. Central Vein Occlusion Study Group. A Randomized Clinical Trial of Early Panretinal Photocoagulation for Ischermic Central Vein Occlusion: The Central Vein Occlusion Study Group N Report. Ophthalmology. 1995;102(10):1434–1444.
15. Brown DM, Heier JS, Clark WL, Boyer DS, Vitti R, Berliner AJ, et al. Intravitreal aflibercept injection for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion: 1-year results from the phase 3 COPERNICUS study. American journal of ophthalmology. 2013;155(3):429–437.
16. Holz FG, Roider J, Ogura Y, Korobelnik JF, Simader C, Groetzbach G, et al. VEGF Trap-Eye for macular oedema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion: 6-month results of the phase III GALILEO study. British Journal of Ophthalmology. 2013;p. bjophthalmol–2012.
17. Korobelnik JF, Holz FG, Roider J, Ogura Y, Simader C, Schmidt-Erfurth U, et al. Intravitreal aflibercept injection for macular edema resulting from central retinal vein occlusion: one-year results of the phase 3 GALILEO study. Ophthalmology. 2014;121(1):202–208.
18. Campochiaro PA, Brown DM, Awh CC, Lee SY, Gray S, Saroj N, et al. Sustained benefits from ranibizumab for macular edema following central retinal vein occlusion: twelve-month outcomes of a phase III study. Ophthalmology. 2011;118(10):2041–2049
