Uji Diabetes Secara Non-Invasif Berbasis Kadar Asam Sialat Saliva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v6i2.1.241Kata Kunci:
Diabetes, Saliva, Asam Sialat, Uji Non-Invasif.Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan kelainan metabolisme karbohidrat yang mempengaruhi banyak sistem, ditandai dengan hiperglikemia dan glukosauria akibat insufisiensi sekresi insulin absolut atau relatif, atau resistensi insulin pada target jaringan. Diabetes menyebabkan mortalitas dan morbiditas terutama karena komplikasinya. Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) merupakan suatu terobosan besar dalam penanganan diabetes karena pasien dapat menentukan kadar glukosa mereka selama kehidupan sehari-hari.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji kemungkinan penggunaan kadar asam sialat saliva sebagai bahan uji non-invasif pada penderita diabetes melitus.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian komparatif. Sampel yang digunakan adalah saliva yang berasal dari 20 orang dan terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok orang dengan diabetes (D), dan kelompok orang normal/non-DM (N). Saliva yang terkumpul disentrifugasi dengan 8000 rpm. Hasil sentrifugasi berupa supernatan diambil sebanyak 50 μl dan ditambahkan 100 μl reagen Ninhydrin. Hasil campuran dipanaskan pada suhu 60°C dan dibaca dengan spektrofotometer pada 570 nm. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan Independent Sample T-test
Hasil: Rerata kadar asam sialat saliva pada kelompok D dan N masing-masing 4.579 ± 1.113 dan 1.204 ± 0.549. Berdasarkan data tersebut, secara statistik terlihat perbedan kadar asam sialat saliva yang bermakna ( p<0,05).
Kesimpulan: Terjadi peningkatan kadar asam sialat saliva yang bermakna pada penderita diabetes melitus bila dibandingkan dengan kadar asam sialat saliva pada orang tanpa diabetes, hal ini menunjukan konsentrasi DNA saliva dapat digunakan sebagai bahan uji non-invasif pada penderita diabetes melitus.
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