STUDI PENDAHULUAN: UJI VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS KUESIONER TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PRAKTIK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS 3-5 TERHADAP DEMAM BERDARAH DI KOTA MATARAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v6i3.1.280Keywords:
Demam berdarah dengue (DBD), siswa sekolah dasar (SD), pengetahuan, sikap, praktik, uji validitas, uji reliabilitasAbstract
Latar belakang: Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit endemik yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia termasuk Kota Mataram. DBD disebabkan oleh virus dengue melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. DBD dapat menyerang segala usia termasuk anak-anak. Berdasarkan pola aktivitas nyamuk, jam sekolah merupakan rentang waktu yang berisiko untuk penularan DBD. Hingga saat ini, belum ada instrumen
untuk menilai pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD) terhadap DBD.
Tujuan: Menilai validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner.
Metode: Terdapat 294 siswa SD kelas 3-5 dari empat SD di Kota Mataram yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Kuesioner terdiri dari 30 pertanyaan tentang pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik terhadap DBD yang dibuat berdasarkan studi literatur dan masukan dari para ahli.
Hasil: Pada uji validitas kuesioner didapatkan 8 item pengetahuan valid, 7 item sikap valid dan 9 item praktik valid. Hasil uji reliabilitas dengan menggunakan cronbach’s alpha menunjukkan instrumen ini belum memiliki reliabilitas yang kurang baik (< 0,7).
Kesimpulan: Instrumen pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik siswa kelas 3-5 SD terhadap DBD di Kota Mataram masih perlu perbaikan untuk meningkatkan reliabilitasnya. Sehingga, dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk memperbaiki instrumen ini.
References
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19. Gliem, J.A., & Gliem, R.R. Calculating, interpreting, and reporting cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for likert-type scales. The Ohio State University, Colombus. [Internet]. 2003. [cited January 8th, 2017]. Available from: https://scholarworks.iupui.edu/bitstream/handle/1805/344/gliem+&+gliem.pdf?sequence=1
20. Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2:53-55. [Internet]. 2011. [cited January 26th, 2017].
Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4205511/pdf/ijme-2-53.pdf
21. Wells, C.S., & Wollack, J.A. An instructor’s guide to understanding test reliability. Testing and Evaluating Testing University of Winconsin. [Internet]. 2003. [cited January 26th, 2017] Available from: https://testing.wisc.edu/Reliability.pdf
2. World Health Organization. 2009. Dengue giudeline for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. [Internet]. 2009. [cited July 16th, 2016]. Available from:
http://www.who.int/tdr/publications/documents/dengue-diagnosis.pdf
3. Dinas Kesehatan Kota Mataram. Perkembangan sebaran kasus DBD di KotaMataram. 2016. [cited August 11th, 2016]
4. Krianto, T. Tidak semua anak sekolah mengerti demam berdarah. Makara Kesehatan Vol. 13, No. 2: 99-103. [Internet]. 2009. [cited July 16th, 2016]. Available from: http://journal.ui.ac.id/index.php/health/article/viewFile/382/378
5. Ibrahim, N.K.R., Al-Bar, A., Kordey, M., Al-Fakeeh, A. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices relating to dengue fever among females in Jeddah high schools. Journal of Infection and Public Health 2(30-40). [Internet]. 2009. [cited July 16th, 2016]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20701858
6. Rothman, A.L., & Ennis, F.A. Dengue vaccine: The need, the challenges and progress. The Journal of Infectious Disease 2016:214. [Internet]. 2016. [cited
October 17th, 2016]. Available from: http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/03/21/infdis.jiw068.full.pdf
7. Pujianti, A., & Pratamawati, D.A. Pengendalian vektor demam berdarah dengue pada komunitas sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tembalang, Kota Semarang. Vektora Vol. 6 No. 2. [Internet]. 2014. [cited August 13th, 2016]. Available from: http://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/vk/article/view/3795
8. Notoatmodjo, S. Pendidikan dan perilaku kesehatan. Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta. 2007.
9. Bell, A. Designing and testing questionnaires for children. Journal Research in Nursing Vol. 12. [Internet]. 2007. [cited January 7th, 2017]. Available from:
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1744987107079616
10. Dahlan, M.S. Besar sampel dan cara pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian kedokteran dan kesehatan Edisi ketiga. Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba Medika. 2010.11
11.Shuaib, F. et al. Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding dengue infection in Westmoreland, Jamaica. The West Indian Medical Journal, 59(2), pp.139–146.
[Internet]. 2010. [cited July 17th, 2016]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2996104/pdf/nihms253772.pdf
12. Sugiyono. Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta. 2006.
13. Cook, D.A., & Beckman, T.J. Curent conceps in validity and reliability for psychometric instruments: theory and application. The American Journal of Medicine Vol. 119 No. 2 [Internet]. 2006. [cited September 14th, 2016]. Available from: http://www.amjmed.com/article/S0002-9343(05)01037-5/pdf
14. Bolarinwa, O.A. Principles and methods of validity and reliability testing of questionnaires used in social and health science researches. Nigerian Postgraduate
Medical Journal Vol. 22. [Internet]. 2015. [cited January 8th, 2017] Available from: http://www.npmj.org/temp/NigerPostgradMedJ224195-6155601_014235.pdf
15. Koo, H.C., Poh, B.K., & Ruzita, A.T. Development, validity and reliability of a questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards whole grain among primary school children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. International Food Research Journal 23(2). [Internet]. 2015. [cited January 12th, 2017]. Available from: https://ukm.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/development-validity-andreliability-of-a-questionnaire-on-knowle
16. Colton, D., & Covert, R.W. Designing and constructing instruments for social research and evaluation. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007.
17. Sukardi. Evaluasi pendidikan prinsip dan operasionalnya. Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksara. 2011.
18. Zein, A., et al. Hubungan antara validitas butir, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran dan daya pembeda soal ujian semester genap bidang studi biologi kelas XI SMA/MA negeri di Kota Padang tahun Pelajaran 2010/2011. Prosiding Semirata FMIPA Universitas Lampung. [Internet]. 2013. [cited January 26th, 2017] Available from: http://jurnal.fmipa.unila.ac.id/index.php/semirata/article/download/572/392.
19. Gliem, J.A., & Gliem, R.R. Calculating, interpreting, and reporting cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for likert-type scales. The Ohio State University, Colombus. [Internet]. 2003. [cited January 8th, 2017]. Available from: https://scholarworks.iupui.edu/bitstream/handle/1805/344/gliem+&+gliem.pdf?sequence=1
20. Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2:53-55. [Internet]. 2011. [cited January 26th, 2017].
Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4205511/pdf/ijme-2-53.pdf
21. Wells, C.S., & Wollack, J.A. An instructor’s guide to understanding test reliability. Testing and Evaluating Testing University of Winconsin. [Internet]. 2003. [cited January 26th, 2017] Available from: https://testing.wisc.edu/Reliability.pdf
Published
2017-11-28
How to Cite
Dilaga, M. S., Sari, D. P., & Josafat, A. (2017). STUDI PENDAHULUAN: UJI VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS KUESIONER TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PRAKTIK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS 3-5 TERHADAP DEMAM BERDARAH DI KOTA MATARAM. Jurnal Kedokteran, 6(3.1). https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v6i3.1.280
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Research
