IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI TEMPAT PERKEMBANGBIAKAN VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN MATARAM DAN SANDUBAYA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v6i3.1.287Keywords:
Jentik, Demam Berdarah Dengue, Karakteristik kontainerAbstract
Latar Belakang: Kota Mataram mempunyai angka kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) paling tinggi di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Data dari Dinas Kesehatan Mataram menunjukkan anak usia sekolah mempunyai jumlah kasus tertinggi. Maka upaya pencegahan DBD juga perlu melibatkan lingkungan sekolah. Identifikasi tempat yang potensial menjadi tempat perkembangbiakan jentik menjadi langkah awal untuk pencegahan DBD di sekolah.
Tujuan: Identifikasi karakteristik kontainer yang berpotensi sebagai tempat perkembangbiakan jentik nyamuk di sekolah dasar di kota Mataram, identifikasi container index (CI) beserta school index (SI), dan identifikasi deskripsi penggunaan abate di sekolah.
Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan metode potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan tehnik simple random sampling dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi (n=12). Identifikasi kontainer dan jentik dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung sedangkan informasi penggunaan abate dilakukan melalui wawancara terhadap responden.
Hasil: Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengamatan terhadap 15 jenis kontainer dengan total 110 kontainer yang diamati. Variasi kontainer yang paling banyak adalah bak mandi, ember dan baskom. Nilai CI dan SI masing masing adalah 11.82% dan 66.67% Didapatkan 10 (83.33%) sekolah menggunakan abate namun pada sekolah yang menggunakan abate terdapat 2 (20%) sekolah yang bebas jentik.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat variasi jenis kontainer yang menjadi tempat potensial pembiakan jentik. Angka CI dan SI sekolah masih melebihi indikator standar yang ditetapkan (CI 0%, SI 10 %). Penggunaan abate masih kurang efektif.
References
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26. Rodrigues, et al. 2015. Density of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus and its association with number of residents and meteorological variables in the home environment of dengue endemic area, São Paulo, Brazil. Parasites & Vectors. Vol. 8. No. 115: 1-9. [online]. Available at: http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/78/art%253A10.1186%252Fs13071-015-0703-y.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fparasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com%2Farticle%2F10.1186%2Fs13071-015-0703-y&token2=exp=1487676952~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F78%2Fart%25253A10.1186%25252Fs13071-015-0703-y.pdf*~hmac=4cf85ada69ca0cca64235ae33e9ca6987cb66b9595c23787d9e4c782d6f1f2e4 [Accessed on February 21th 2017]
2. Ayuningtyas E.D, 2013. Perbedaan Keberadaan Jentik Aedes aegypti Berdasarkan Karakteristik Kontainer di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue. [pdf] Available at :http://lib.unnes.ac.id/17922/2/6411409122.pdf [Accessed on July 6th 2016]
3. Aziz, et al. 2012. Household survey of container-breeding mosquitoes and climatic factors influencing the prevalence of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. Vol. 2. No. 11: 849-857. [online]. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3609246/pdf/apjtb-02-11-849.pdf [Accessed on July 1th 2016]
4. Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika Lombok Barat. 2016. Distribusi Curah Hujan Bulan Januari 2016 Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. [jpg]. Available at: http://iklim.ntb.bmkg.go.id/img/analisis/ch/012016.jpg [Accessed on January 30th 2017]
5. Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika Lombok Barat. 2016. Distribusi Curah Hujan Bulan Desember 2016 Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. [jpg]. Available at: http://iklim.ntb.bmkg.go.id/img/analisis/ch/dis1216.jpg [Accessed on January 30th 2017]
6. Dinas Kesehatan Banten, 2015. Terapkan 10 Indikator PHBS Dalam Lingkungan Keluarga. [online]. Available at: http://dinkes.bantenprov.go.id/read/pengumuman/8/Terapkan-10-Indikator-PHBS-Dalam-Lingkungan-Keluarga.html [Accessed on February 15th 2017]
7. Dinas Kesehatan Kota Mataram, 2016. Hasil Pemantauan Jentik dan PSN ke Sekolah Se-Kota Mataram Maret 2016. [pdf].
8. Dinas Kesehatan NTB. 2013. Profil Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Tahun 2012. [online]. Available at: http://www.depkes.go.id/resources/download/profil/PROFIL_KES_PROVINSI_2012/18_Profil_Kes.Prov.NTB_2012.pdf [Accessed on January 23th 2016]
9. Garcia Rejon, et al. 2011. Mosquito Infestation and Dengue Virus Infection in Aedes aegypti Females in Schools in Mérida, México. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Vol. 84. No. 3: 489-486. Available at: http://www.ajtmh.org/content/84/3/489.full.pdf [Accessed on October 2th 2016]
10. Getachew, et al. 2015. Breeding Sites of Aedes aegypti: Potential Dengue Vectors in Dire Dawa, East Ethiopia. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases. Vol. 2015. [online] Available at: http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ipid/2015/706276.pdf [Accessed on May 17th 2016]
11. Hadi, Soviana, dan Gunandini, 2012. Aktivitas nokturnal vektor demam berdarah dengue di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia. Vol. 9. No. 1: 1-6 [pdf]. Available at: http://jurnal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/entomologi/article/download/6110/4745 [Accessed on February 14th 2017]
12. Hamsyimi M, Nanny Harmany, dan Pangestu. 2009. Tempat-Tempat Terkini yang Disenangi untuk Perkembangbiakan Vektor Demam Berdarah. Media Litbang Kesehatan. Vol. XIX. No. 2: 71-76. [pdf]. Available at: http://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/MPK/article/download/889/1696 [Accessed on January 28th 2017]
13. Kementerian Kesehatan. 2011. Modul Pengendalian Demam Berdarah Dengue. [online]. Available at: http://www.pppl.depkes.go.id/_asset/_download/manajemen%20DBD_all.pdf [Accessed on August 8th 2016]
14. Maciel de Preitas, et al. 2007. Variation in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) container productivity in a slum and a suburban district of Rio de Janeiro during dry and wet seasons. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Vol. 102. No.4: 489-496. [pdf]. Available at: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/mioc/v102n4/5733.pdf [Accessed on August 5th 2016]
15. Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2006. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 1429/Menkes/SK/XII/2006 Tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Kesehatan Lingkungan Sekolah [pdf].
16. Muhlisin dan Pratiwi. 2006. Penanggulangan Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kelurahan Singopuran Kartasura Sukoharjo. Warta. Vol .9. No. 2: 123 – 129. [online]. Available at: http://geografi.ums.ac.id/ebook/SUBOSUKA/demam_berdarah_skh_2._ABI_MUHLISIN.pdf [Accessed on August 6th 2016]
17. Nomitasari, Saraswati, dan Ginandjar. 2012. Perbedaan Praktik PSN 3M Plus di Kelurahan Percontohan dan Non Percontohan Program Pemantauan Jentik Rutin Kota Semarang. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia. Vol. 9. No. 1: 32 – 37. [online]. Available at: http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=5223&val=196&title= [Accessed on February 10th 2017]
18. Nugroho AD. 2011. Kematian Larva Aedes Aegypti Setelah Pemberian Abate Dibandingkan Dengan Pemberian Serbuk Serai. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. Vol. 7. No. 1: 91-96. [pdf]. Available at: http://journal.unnes.ac.id/artikel_nju/pdf/kemas/2802/2858 [Accessed on January 29th 2017]
19. Ramadhani, dan Astuty. 2013. Kepadatan dan Penyebaran Aedes aegypti Setelah Penyuluhan DBD di Kelurahan Paseban, Jakarta Pusat. Vol. 1. No. 1: 2013. [pdf]. Available at: http://journal.ui.ac.id/index.php/eJKI/article/download/1591/1338 [Accessed on February 14th 2017]
20. Ridha, dan Nisa. 2011. Larva Aedes Aegypti Sudah Toleran Terhadap Temepos di Kota Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Vektora. Vol. III. No. 2: 93 – 111. [online]. Available at: http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=127557&val=4885 [Accessed on February 8th 2017]
21. Sukowati S. 2010. Masalah Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue dan Pengendaliannya di Indonesia dalam Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2010. Buletin Jendela Epidemiologi. Volume 2. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan. [online]. Available at: http://www.depkes.go.id/download.php?file=download/pusdatin/buletin/buletin-dbd.pdf [Accessed on July 6th 2016]
22. Szumilas, 2010. Explaining Odd Ratio. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescentt Psychiatry. Volume 19. No. 3: 227-229. [pdf]. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2938757/pdf/ccap19_3p227.pdf [Accessed on February 19th 2017]
23. World Health Organization 2016. Dengue and severe dengue [online]. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/ [Accessed on October 3th 2016]
24. World Health Organization. 2017. Chemical Control. [online]. Available at: http://www.who.int/denguecontrol/control_strategies/chemical_control/en/ [Accessed on February 21th 2017]
25. Purnama S.G dan Tri Baskoro. 2012. Maya Index dan Kepadatan Larva Aedes Aegypti Terhadap Infeksi Dengue. Makara, Kesehatan. Vol. 16. No. 2: 57-64. [online]. Available at: http://journal.ui.ac.id/index.php/health/article/viewFile/1630/1360 [Accessed on February 14th 2017]
26. Rodrigues, et al. 2015. Density of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus and its association with number of residents and meteorological variables in the home environment of dengue endemic area, São Paulo, Brazil. Parasites & Vectors. Vol. 8. No. 115: 1-9. [online]. Available at: http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/78/art%253A10.1186%252Fs13071-015-0703-y.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fparasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com%2Farticle%2F10.1186%2Fs13071-015-0703-y&token2=exp=1487676952~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F78%2Fart%25253A10.1186%25252Fs13071-015-0703-y.pdf*~hmac=4cf85ada69ca0cca64235ae33e9ca6987cb66b9595c23787d9e4c782d6f1f2e4 [Accessed on February 21th 2017]
Published
2017-11-28
How to Cite
Soewignyo, D. A., Suryani, D., & Josafat, A. (2017). IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI TEMPAT PERKEMBANGBIAKAN VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN MATARAM DAN SANDUBAYA. Jurnal Kedokteran, 6(3.1). https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v6i3.1.287
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Research
