THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EXERCISE AND NUTRITION INTERVENTION PROGRAMMES TO PREVENT AND MANAGE OBESITY AMONG YOUNG POPULATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v2i2.63Abstract
Background:Childhood obesity has become a central chronic disease in this modern era. Early prevention and effective treatment of obese children and adolescents is mandatory. Surprisingly, there are limited shortand long-term studies determining targeted interventions particularly physical activity and dietary intervention in preventing and treating obesity among the young population. Further, the efficacy of physical activity and nutritional strategies to prevent and treat pediatric obesity remains unclear. Objective: This review aims to evaluate the effect of physical activity and dietary interventions in preventing and treating obese children and adolescents. Results: There are five main studies involved in this review. Most of the reviewed studies found significant reductions on body weight, body mass index and body fat, and improvement on aerobic fitness and endurance time. Conclusion: The data shows the short- and long-term beneficial effects of physical activity alone and in combined intervention with dietary-behavioural approaches to treat obesity among young population. However, some studies have flawed study design such as small sample size and unmatched participants in control group. Additional research considering behavioural, dietary and physical intervention, and costeffective approach for primary and community care are required.References
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A. (2005). Short-and long-term beneficial effects of a combined dietary–behavioral–physical activity intervention for the treatment of
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8. Dietz, W. H. (1998). Health consequences of obesity in youth: childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics, 101(Supplement), 518.
9. Must, A., Jacques, P. F., Dallal, G. E., Bajema, C. J., & Dietz, W. H. (1992). Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents. New
England Journal of Medicine, 327(19), 1350-1355.
10. Berenson, G. S., Srinivasan, S. R., Bao, W., Newman, W. P., Tracy, R.
E., & Wattigney, W. A. (1998). Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 338(23), 1650-1656.
11. Singh, A., Mulder, C., Twisk, J. W. R., Van Mechelen, W., & Chinapaw, M. J. M. (2008). Tracking of childhood overweight into adulthood: a
systematic review of the literature. Obesity Reviews, 9(5), 474-488.
12. Whitaker, R. C., Wright, J. A., Pepe,M. S., Seidel, K. D., & Dietz, W. H.
(1997). Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and
parental obesity. New England Journal of Medicine, 337(13), 869-873.
13. Steinberger, J., & Daniels, S. R. (2003). Obesity, insulin resistance,
diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in children. Circulation, 107(10), 1448-
1453.
14. Goran, M. I., Reynolds, K. D., & Lindquist, C. H. (1999). Role of physical activity in the prevention of obesity in children. International
Journal of Obesity, 23, 18-33.
15. Birch, L. L., & Davison, K. K. (2001). Family environmental factors
influencing the developing behavioral controls of food intake and childhood
overweight. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 48(4), 893.
16. Sothern, M. S. (2004). Obesity prevention in children: physical activity and nutrition. Nutrition, 20(7-8), 704-708.
17. Young, L. R., & Nestle, M. (2002). The contribution of expanding portion
sizes to the US obesity epidemic. American Journal of Public Health, 92(2), 246.
18. World Health Organization. (2000). Obesity: preventing and managing
the global epidemic. World Health Organization Technical Report eries(894).
19. Dietz, W. H., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2001). Preventing Obesity in Children and Adolescents 1. Annual review of public health, 22(1), 337-353.
20. Gortmaker, S. L., Peterson, K., Wiecha, J., Sobol, A. M., Dixit, S., Fox, M. K., & Laird, N. (1999). Reducing obesity via a school-based interdisciplinary intervention among youth: Planet Health. Archives of
Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 153(4), 409.
21. EPSTEIN, L. H., & GOLDFIELD, G. S. (1999). Physical activity in the
treatment of childhood overweight and obesity: current evidence and
research issues. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 31(11), S553.
22. Eliakim, A., Kaven, G., Berger, I., Friedland, O., Wolach, B., & Nemet,
D. (2002). The effect of a combined intervention on body mass index and
fitness in obese children and adolescents-a clinical experience. European journal of pediatrics, 161(8), 449-454.
States. Journal of Public Health Policy, 25, 3(4), 353-366.
2. World Health Organization. (2003). Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Acti
vity and Health Fact Sheets. Retrieved June 19, 2011, from http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/media/en/gsfs obesity.pdf
3. Nemet, D., Barkan, S., Epstein, Y., Friedland, O., Kowen, G., & Eliakim,
A. (2005). Short-and long-term beneficial effects of a combined dietary–behavioral–physical activity intervention for the treatment of
childhood obesity. Pediatrics, 115(4), e443. 55
4. Spuijt-Metz, D. (2011). Etiology, treatment, and prevention of obesity
in childhood and adolescence: a decade in review. Journal of Research on Adolescence,21(1), 129-152.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). BMI for childrenand teens. Retrieved at January 3, 2011 from:http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/bmi/bmi-for-age.htm.
6. Jebb, S. A. (1997). Aetiology of obesity. British Medical Bulletin, 53(2), 264.
7. Gahagan, S. (2004). Child andadolescent obesity. Curr Probl Pediatr
Adolesc Health Care, 34(1), 6-43.
8. Dietz, W. H. (1998). Health consequences of obesity in youth: childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics, 101(Supplement), 518.
9. Must, A., Jacques, P. F., Dallal, G. E., Bajema, C. J., & Dietz, W. H. (1992). Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents. New
England Journal of Medicine, 327(19), 1350-1355.
10. Berenson, G. S., Srinivasan, S. R., Bao, W., Newman, W. P., Tracy, R.
E., & Wattigney, W. A. (1998). Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 338(23), 1650-1656.
11. Singh, A., Mulder, C., Twisk, J. W. R., Van Mechelen, W., & Chinapaw, M. J. M. (2008). Tracking of childhood overweight into adulthood: a
systematic review of the literature. Obesity Reviews, 9(5), 474-488.
12. Whitaker, R. C., Wright, J. A., Pepe,M. S., Seidel, K. D., & Dietz, W. H.
(1997). Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and
parental obesity. New England Journal of Medicine, 337(13), 869-873.
13. Steinberger, J., & Daniels, S. R. (2003). Obesity, insulin resistance,
diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in children. Circulation, 107(10), 1448-
1453.
14. Goran, M. I., Reynolds, K. D., & Lindquist, C. H. (1999). Role of physical activity in the prevention of obesity in children. International
Journal of Obesity, 23, 18-33.
15. Birch, L. L., & Davison, K. K. (2001). Family environmental factors
influencing the developing behavioral controls of food intake and childhood
overweight. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 48(4), 893.
16. Sothern, M. S. (2004). Obesity prevention in children: physical activity and nutrition. Nutrition, 20(7-8), 704-708.
17. Young, L. R., & Nestle, M. (2002). The contribution of expanding portion
sizes to the US obesity epidemic. American Journal of Public Health, 92(2), 246.
18. World Health Organization. (2000). Obesity: preventing and managing
the global epidemic. World Health Organization Technical Report eries(894).
19. Dietz, W. H., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2001). Preventing Obesity in Children and Adolescents 1. Annual review of public health, 22(1), 337-353.
20. Gortmaker, S. L., Peterson, K., Wiecha, J., Sobol, A. M., Dixit, S., Fox, M. K., & Laird, N. (1999). Reducing obesity via a school-based interdisciplinary intervention among youth: Planet Health. Archives of
Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 153(4), 409.
21. EPSTEIN, L. H., & GOLDFIELD, G. S. (1999). Physical activity in the
treatment of childhood overweight and obesity: current evidence and
research issues. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 31(11), S553.
22. Eliakim, A., Kaven, G., Berger, I., Friedland, O., Wolach, B., & Nemet,
D. (2002). The effect of a combined intervention on body mass index and
fitness in obese children and adolescents-a clinical experience. European journal of pediatrics, 161(8), 449-454.
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Published
2017-10-23
How to Cite
Cholidah, R. (2017). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EXERCISE AND NUTRITION INTERVENTION PROGRAMMES TO PREVENT AND MANAGE OBESITY AMONG YOUNG POPULATION. Jurnal Kedokteran, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v2i2.63
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