THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILD OBESITY AND BONE HEALTH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v2i3.71Abstract
Since early childhood obesity has increased dramatically in the recent year, many researchers observe the relationship of excess fat mass during childhood and many health consequences including with bone health. This review aims to examine the relationship between childhood obesity and bone health. The results are conflicting. Several results show that fat mass have a strong positive relationship with increase bone mass and bone area, while other studies found obesity may increase the risk of fracture and may be detrimental on bone health. By these findings, further studies should be conducted to examine the effect of childhood obesity and bone health, also to evaluate the mechanisms how excess fat mass may increase or reduce bone growth.References
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2. Clark, E., Ness, A., & Tobias, J. Adipose tissue stimulates bone growth in prepubertal children. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2006; 91(7), 2534.
3. Elefteriou, F., Ahn, J. D., Takeda, S.,Starbuck, M., Yang, X., Liu, X., . . . Noda, M. Leptin regulation of bone resorption by the sympathetic nervous system and CART. Nature. 2005; 434(7032), 514- 520.
4. Ellis, K., Shypailo, R., Wong, W., & Abrams, S. Bone mineral mass in overweight and obese children: diminished or enhanced? Acta diabetologica. 2003; 40, 274-277.
5. Goulding, A., Jones, I., Taylor, R., Manning, P., & Williams, S. More broken
bones: a 4â€year double cohort study of young girls with and without distal
forearm fractures. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2000; 15(10), 2011-2018.
6. Goulding, A., Taylor, R. W., Grant, A. M., Murdoch, L., Williams, S. M., & Taylor, B. J. (2008). Relationship of total body fat mass to bone area in New Zealand fiveyear-olds. Calcified tissue international. 2008; 82(4), 293-299.
7. Goulding, A., Taylor, R., Jones, I., Manning, P., & Williams, S. Spinal overload: a concern for obese children and adolescents? Osteoporosis International. 2002; 13(10), 835-840.
8. Goulding, A., Taylor, R., Jones, I., McAuley, K., Manning, P., & Williams, S.
Overweight and obese children have low bone mass and area for their weight. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders: journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. 2000; 24(5), 627.
9. Greenhalgh, T. (1997). How to read a paper: getting your bearing (deciding what the paper is about). British Medical Journal, 315, 243-246.
10. International Food Information Council Foundation, IFIC. How to understand and interpret food and health-related scientific studies. IFIC review. 2001; 9(1), 1-11.
11. Karlsson, L., Lundin, O., Ekström, L., Hansson, T., & Swärd, L. Injuries in adolescent spine exposed to compressive loads: an experimental cadaveric study. Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques. 1998; 11(6), 501.
12. Leonard, M. B., Shults, J., Wilson, B. A., Tershakovec, A. M., & Zemel, B. S. Obesity during childhood and adolescence augments bone mass and bone dimensions. The American journal of clinical nutrition.2004; 80(2), 514.
13. Lorentzon, M., Swanson, C., Andersson, N., Mellström, D., & Ohlsson, C. Free testosterone is a positive, whereas free estradiol is a negative, predictor of cortical bone size in young Swedish men: the GOOD study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2005; 20(8), 1334-1341.
14. Ludwig, D. S., Peterson, K. E., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2001). Relation between consumption of sugarsweetened drinks and childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis. The Lancet, 357(9255), 505-508.
15. Margetts B. M., Nelson, M. Overview of the principles of nutritional epidemiology. In: Margetts BM, Nelson M, eds. Design concepts in nutritional epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1997; 3-36.
16. Margetts, B., Vorster, H., & Venter, C. Evidence-based nutrition-review of
nutritional epidemiological studies. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2002; 15(2), 68-73.
17. Mccormick, D. P., Ponder, S. W., Fawcett, H. D., & Palmer, J. L. (1991). Spinal bone mineral density in 335 normal and obese children and adolescents: evidence for ethnic and sex differences. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research.1991; 6(5), 507-513.
18. Morrill, A. C., & Chinn, C. D. The obesity epidemic in the United States. Journal of Public Health Policy. 2005; 25, 3(4), 353-366.
19. Ogden, C., & Carroll, M. Prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents: United States, trends 1963–1965 through 2007–2008. 2010. Retrieved from http://www. cdc. gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_child_07_08 obesity_child_07_08. pdf.
20. Saggese, G., Baroncelli, G. I., & Bertelloni, S. Puberty and bone development. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
2002; 16(1), 53-64.
21. Shiri, R., Karppinen, J., Leino-Arjas, P., Solovieva, S., & Viikari-Juntura, E. The association between obesity and low back pain: a meta-analysis. American journal of epidemiology. 2010; 171(2), 135.
22. Troiano, R. P., & Flegal, K. M. Overweight children and adolescents: description, epidemiology, and demographics. Pediatrics, 101(Supplement). 1998; 497.
23. World Health Organization. Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health Fact Sheets. 2003. Retrieved June 19, 2011, from http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/media/en/gsfs obesity.pdf
24. Janz, K. Physical activity and bone development during childhood and
adolescence: implications for the prevention of osteoporosis. Minerva pediatrica. 2002; 54(2), 93-104.
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Published
2017-10-26
How to Cite
Cholidah, R. (2017). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILD OBESITY AND BONE HEALTH. Jurnal Kedokteran, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v2i3.71
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Literature Review
