Karakteristik Pasien Atrial Fibrilasi Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Periode Januari 2015 Hingga Januari 2016
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v9i3.429Kata Kunci:
Atrial Fibrilasi, insidensi, prevalensi, valvular, non valvularAbstrak
Latar Belakang: Atrial fibrilasi (AF) merupakan disritmia yang paling sering ditemukan dan kini menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang telah mencapai proporsi epidemik di beberapa negara. AF memiliki nilai insidensi yang cukup stabil, yaitu sekitar 1-2%, dimana insidensi ini bertambah seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, dan diketahui lebih banyak terjadi pada populasi perempuan. Kurangnya data yang tersedia terutama dalam menjelaskan angka prevalensi dan insidensi AF terutama pada negara-negara berkembang seperti Indonesia pada umumnya, dan khususnya di wilayah kerja RSUD Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk melihat gambaran karakteristik penyakit AF yang ada di RSUD Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat selama 1 Januari 2015 hingga 31 Januari 2016.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dan terdiri atas dua jenis data (registrasi elektronik dan rekam medik tertulis). Data yang dikumpulkan termasuk total kunjungan pasien rawat jalan poliklinik jantung, total kunjungan pasien AF, dan karakteristik pasien AF yang terdiri atas usia, jenis kelamin, dan kejadian stroke. Data tersebut kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik.
Hasil: Prevalensi AF selama 1 tahun sebesar 0,37%, dengan insidensi 46/100,000 pada laki-laki dan 64,4/100.000 pada perempuan. Dari 51 rekam pasien AF, didapatkan 62,7% pasien perempuan dan 37,3% pasien laki-laki. Berdasarkan hasil ekokardiografi sebanyak 33,3% disebabkan oleh tipe valvular dan 17,6% lainnya ialah non-valvular dengan rata-rata usia tiap kelompok 50,41 ± 13,20 dan 51,78 ± 14,35. Riwayat kejadian stroke ditemukan sebesar 25,4% pada pasien AF dan lebih tinggi pada pasien berjenis kelamin perempuan.
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