Hipersensitivitas Terhadap Vaksin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v5i3.302Keywords:
Hipersensitivitas, VaksinAbstract
Vaksin mirip dengan obat yaitu dapat berpotensi menimbulkan reaksi hipersensitivitas baik ringan maupun berat. Proses pembuatan vaksin harus memperhatikan keseimbangan antara aspek imunogenisitas dan reaktigenisitas. Hampir semua komponen vaksin berpotensi menimbulkan reaksi hipersensitivitas namun mekanisme alergi hanya sebagian kecil dari seluruh efek samping vaksin. Reaksi hipersensitivitas terhadap vaksin ada dua jenis yaitu reaksi segera maupun reaksi lambat. Penegakan diagnosis reaksi hipersensitivitas terhadap vaksin mengutamakan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik. Pemeriksaan tes alergi belum terstandar dan tervalidasi. Penanganan reaksi hipersensitivitas terhadap vaksin hampir sama dengan penanganan reaksi alergi secara umum. Keputusan pemberian re-vaksinasi sangat individual tergantung kondisi masing-masing pasien.
References
1. Djauzi S, Sunggoro A. In: Imunisasi sebagai upaya pencegahan primer. Dalam: Djauzi S, Koesnoe S, Sari C, Yogani I, eds. Pedoman imunisasi pada orang dewasa. 2nd. vol. 1. Balai Penerbit FKUI; 2009. p. 4–7.
2. Winulyo E, Mahdi D, Herdiana D. In: Efek Samping dan Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi Dalam: Djauzi S, Koesnoe S, Sari C, Yogani I, eds. Pedoman imunisasi pada orang dewasa. 2nd. Balai Penerbit FKUI; 2009. p. 189–198.
3. Zhou W, Pool J V Iskander, English-Bullard R, Ball R, Wise R. Surveillance for Safety after Immunization: Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), United States, 1991–2001. MMWR. 2003;.
4. Ada G. Vaccines and vaccination. N Engl J Med. 2001;14(345):1042–1053.
5. Zent O, Arras-Reiter C, Broeker M, Hennig R. Immediate Allergic Reactions After Vaccinations – A Postmarketing Surveillance Review. Eur J Pedatr. 2002; 1(161):21–5.
6. Bohlke K, Robert L. Risk of Anaphylaxis After Vaccination of Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2003;(815–20):112.
7. Thibodeau J. Office management of childhood vaccine-related anaphylaxis. Can Fam Physician. 1994;40:1602–1610.
8. Wood R, Berger M, Dreskin S, Rosanna S, Engler R, L C. An Algorithm for Treatment of Patients With Hypersensitivity Reactions After Vaccines. Pediatrics. 2008;3(122):e771–7.
9. Ponvert C, Scheinmann P. Vaccine Allergy and Pseudo-Allergy. Eur J Dermatol. 2003;1(13):10–15.
10. American Academy of Pediatric. In: Active immunization. In: Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Long SS, McMillan JA, eds. Red Book: 2006 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases.27th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2006. p. 446–8.
11. Fritsche P, Helbling A, Balmer-Weber B. Vaccine Hypersensitivity: Update and Overview. Swiss Med Wkly. 2010;140(17-18):238–246.
12. Kling S. Viral vaccination and allergy. Current Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2009;4(22):173–177.
13. Bochner B, Lichtenstein L. Anaphylaxis. N Engl J Med. 1991;25(324):1785–1790.
14. Facktor M, Bernstein R, Firemann P. Hypersensitivity to tetanus toxoid. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1973;(52):1–12.
15. Caubet J, Wang J. Current understanding of egg allergy. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2011;58(2):427–443.
16. Clark A, Skypala I, Leech P, Ewan P, Dugue P, Brathwaite Nea. British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guidelines for the Management of Egg Allergy. Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 2010;40:1116–1129.
17. Thomas R, Lorenzetti D, Spragins W, Jackson D, Williamson T. The Safety of Yellow Fever Vaccine 17D or 17DD in Children, Pregnant Women, HIV+Individuals, and Older Persons: Systematic Review. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012;86(2):359–372.
18. Lavi S, Zimmerman B, Koren G, Gold R. Administration of measles, mumps and rubella virus vaccine (live) to egg allergic children. J Am Med Assn.1990; 263:269–271.
19. Kang L, Crawford N, Tang M, Bottery J, Royle J, Gold M, et al. Hypersensitivity Reactions to Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine in Australian Schoolgirls:
Retrospective Cohort Study. BMJ. 2008;337:a2642.
20. Kelso J, Greenhawt M, Li J. Adverse Reactions to Vaccines Practice Parameter 2012 Update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(1):25–43.
2. Winulyo E, Mahdi D, Herdiana D. In: Efek Samping dan Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi Dalam: Djauzi S, Koesnoe S, Sari C, Yogani I, eds. Pedoman imunisasi pada orang dewasa. 2nd. Balai Penerbit FKUI; 2009. p. 189–198.
3. Zhou W, Pool J V Iskander, English-Bullard R, Ball R, Wise R. Surveillance for Safety after Immunization: Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), United States, 1991–2001. MMWR. 2003;.
4. Ada G. Vaccines and vaccination. N Engl J Med. 2001;14(345):1042–1053.
5. Zent O, Arras-Reiter C, Broeker M, Hennig R. Immediate Allergic Reactions After Vaccinations – A Postmarketing Surveillance Review. Eur J Pedatr. 2002; 1(161):21–5.
6. Bohlke K, Robert L. Risk of Anaphylaxis After Vaccination of Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2003;(815–20):112.
7. Thibodeau J. Office management of childhood vaccine-related anaphylaxis. Can Fam Physician. 1994;40:1602–1610.
8. Wood R, Berger M, Dreskin S, Rosanna S, Engler R, L C. An Algorithm for Treatment of Patients With Hypersensitivity Reactions After Vaccines. Pediatrics. 2008;3(122):e771–7.
9. Ponvert C, Scheinmann P. Vaccine Allergy and Pseudo-Allergy. Eur J Dermatol. 2003;1(13):10–15.
10. American Academy of Pediatric. In: Active immunization. In: Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Long SS, McMillan JA, eds. Red Book: 2006 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases.27th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2006. p. 446–8.
11. Fritsche P, Helbling A, Balmer-Weber B. Vaccine Hypersensitivity: Update and Overview. Swiss Med Wkly. 2010;140(17-18):238–246.
12. Kling S. Viral vaccination and allergy. Current Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2009;4(22):173–177.
13. Bochner B, Lichtenstein L. Anaphylaxis. N Engl J Med. 1991;25(324):1785–1790.
14. Facktor M, Bernstein R, Firemann P. Hypersensitivity to tetanus toxoid. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1973;(52):1–12.
15. Caubet J, Wang J. Current understanding of egg allergy. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2011;58(2):427–443.
16. Clark A, Skypala I, Leech P, Ewan P, Dugue P, Brathwaite Nea. British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guidelines for the Management of Egg Allergy. Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 2010;40:1116–1129.
17. Thomas R, Lorenzetti D, Spragins W, Jackson D, Williamson T. The Safety of Yellow Fever Vaccine 17D or 17DD in Children, Pregnant Women, HIV+Individuals, and Older Persons: Systematic Review. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012;86(2):359–372.
18. Lavi S, Zimmerman B, Koren G, Gold R. Administration of measles, mumps and rubella virus vaccine (live) to egg allergic children. J Am Med Assn.1990; 263:269–271.
19. Kang L, Crawford N, Tang M, Bottery J, Royle J, Gold M, et al. Hypersensitivity Reactions to Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine in Australian Schoolgirls:
Retrospective Cohort Study. BMJ. 2008;337:a2642.
20. Kelso J, Greenhawt M, Li J. Adverse Reactions to Vaccines Practice Parameter 2012 Update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(1):25–43.
Downloads
Published
2016-09-28
How to Cite
Asmara, I. G. Y. (2016). Hipersensitivitas Terhadap Vaksin. Jurnal Kedokteran, 5(3), 39. https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v5i3.302
Issue
Section
Literature Review
