HBA1C SEBAGAI KANDIDAT BIOMARKER UNTUK PREDIKSI PROGESIVITAS GANGGUAN KOGNITIF TERKAIT DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v11i1.517Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, cognitive impairment, HbA1cAbstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia which underlie its complications, including cognitive impairment. T2dm-associated cognitive impairment is generally characterized by the decrease in at least one cognitive domain. However, its progression can be slowed by appropriate blood glucose control. Hb1Ac is a candidate of appropriate biomarker in predicting the progression of T2DM-associated cognitive impairment. This is based on several important characteristics it has, including a good blood glucose index, low daily biological variability, relatively unaffected by stress conditions, and unaffected by variations due to loading the amount of glucose.
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36. Lippi G, Targher G. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): Old dogmas, a new perspective? Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;48(5):609–14.
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2. Goyal R, Jialal I. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf [Internet]. StatPearls. 2020 [cited 2021 Apr 27]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513253/
3. Doroodgar M, Doroodgar M, Tofangchiha S. Evaluation of relation between hba1c level with cognitive disorders and depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(15):2462–6.
4. Smushkin G, Vella A. What is type 2 diabetes? Galina. Med. 2011;38(11):597–601.
5. Saedi E, Gheini MR, Faiz F, Arami MA. Diabetes mellitus and cognitive impairments. World J Diabetes. 2016;7(17):412.
6. Munshi MN. Cognitive dysfunction in older adults with diabetes: What a clinician needs to know. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(4):461–7.
7. Biessels GJ, Whitmer RA. Cognitive dysfunction in diabetes: how to implement emerging guidelines. Diabetologia. 2020;63(1):3–9.
8. Stites SD, Harkins K, Rubright JD, Karlawish J. Relationships between Cognitive Complaints and Quality of Life in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Mild Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia, and Normal Cognition. Physiol Behav. 2018;176(5):139–48.
9. Li W, Sun L, Li G, Xiao S. Prevalence, influence factors and cognitive characteristics of mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Aging Neurosci. 2019;10(JUL):1–7.
10. Teixeira MM, Passos VMA, Barreto SM, Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Beleigoli AMR, et al. Association between diabetes and cognitive function at baseline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA- Brasil). Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):1–10.
11. Xia S-S, Xia W-L, Huang J-J, Zou H-J, Tao J, Yang Y. The factors contributing to cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients. Ann Transl Med. 2020;8(4):104–104.
12. Zilliox LA, Chadrasekaran K, Kwan JY, Russell JW. Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment. Curr Diab Rep [Internet]. 2016;16(9):1–11. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-016-0775-x
13. Spinelli M, Fusco S, Grassi C. Brain insulin resistance and hippocampal plasticity: Mechanisms and biomarkers of cognitive decline. Front Neurosci. 2019;10(JUL):1–13.
14. Mastro A, Caputo JB, Vagula MC. Cognitive impairment and dementia in parkinson’s disease. Int J Health Care Qual Assur [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2021 Apr 27];24(3):228–32. Available from: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/833624_2
15. Zheng F, Yan L, Yang Z, Zhong B, Xie W. HbA1c, diabetes and cognitive decline: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Diabetologia. 2018;61(4):839–48.
16. Kemenkes RI. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Vol. 53, Kementrian Kesehatan RI. 2018.
17. WHO. Fakta dan Angka Diabetes [Internet]. Vol. 2, Jurnal Kesehatan. 2018 [cited 2021 Apr 12]. p. 10–5. Available from: http://www.p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/dokumen-ptm/fakta-dan-angka-diabetes
18. Harahap HS, Indrayana Y. Peran Neuroprotektif Cognitive Reserve Dalam Menghambat Progresivitas Gangguan Kognitif Terkait Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. J Kedokt. 2020;9(4):256–63.
19. Bloemer J, Bhattacharya S, Amin R, Suppiramaniam V. Impaired insulin signaling and mechanisms of memory loss [Internet]. 1st ed. Vol. 121, Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science. Elsevier Inc.; 2014. 413–449 p. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800101-1.00013-2
20. Kim B, Feldman EL. Insulin resistance as a key link for the increased risk of cognitive impairment in the metabolic syndrome. Exp Mol Med [Internet]. 2015;47(3):e149. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/emm.2015.3
21. Umegaki H. Type 2 diabetes as a risk factor for cognitive impairment: Current insights. Clin Interv Aging. 2014;9:1011–9.
22. Sharma G, Parihar A, Talaiya T, Dubey K, Porwal B, Parihar MS. Cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetes, risk factors and preventive strategies. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2020;31(2):1–14.
23. Balijepalli C, Druyts E, Siliman G, Joffres M, Thorlund K, Mills EJ. Hypoglycemia: A review of definitions used in clinical trials evaluating antihyperglycemic drugs for diabetes. Clin Epidemiol. 2017;9:291–6.
24. Kalra S, Mukherjee J, Ramachandran A, Saboo B, Shaikh S, Venkataraman S, et al. Hypoglycemia: The neglected complication. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013;17(5):819.
25. Wong CHY, Wanrooy BJ, Bruce DG. Neuroinflammation, Type 2 Diabetes, and Dementia [Internet]. Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia. Elsevier Inc.; 2018. 195–209 p. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809454-9.00010-X
26. Biessels GJ, Despa F. Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes mellitus: mechanisms and clinical implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol [Internet]. 2018;14(10):591–604. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41574-018-0048-7
27. Widie Nugroho BA, Oka Adnyana IM, Purwa Samatra DPG. Gula darah tidak terkontrol sebagai faktor risiko gangguan fungsi kognitif pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 usia dewasa menengah. Medicina (B Aires). 2016;47(1):22–9.
28. Murman DL. The Impact of Age on Cognition Cognition and the Aging Auditory System. Semin Hear [Internet]. 2015;36(1):111–21. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1555115.
29. Alsayyad E, Helmy AA, Kishk NA, Farghaly M, Ragab AH, El-Jaafary SI. Gender difference in health issues and cognitive functions among an Egyptian normal elderly population. Egypt J Neurol Psychiatry Neurosurg. 2020;56(1).
30. Clouston SAP, Smith DM, Mukherjee S, Zhang Y, Hou W, Link BG, et al. Education and cognitive decline: An integrative analysis of global longitudinal studies of cognitive aging. Journals Gerontol - Ser B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2020;75(7):E151–60.
31. Parisi JM, Rebok GW, Xue QL, Fried LP, Seeman TE, Tanner EK, et al. The role of education and intellectual activity on cognition. J Aging Res. 2012;2012:20–4.
32. Walker KA, Power MC, Gottesman RF. Defining the Relationship Between Hypertension, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia: a Review. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2017;19(3).
33. McCrimmon RJ, Ryan CM, Frier BM. Diabetes and cognitive dysfunction. Lancet [Internet]. 2012;379(9833):2291–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60360-2
34. Sinha N. HbA1c and factors other than diabetes mellitus affecting it. Singapore Med J. 2011;51(8):616–22.
35. Paputungan SR, Sanusi H. Peranan Pemeriksaan Hemoglobin A1c pada Pengelolaan Diabetes Melitus. cdkjournal. 2014;24(3):90–4.
36. Lippi G, Targher G. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): Old dogmas, a new perspective? Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;48(5):609–14.
37. Valdés S, Botas P, Delgado E, Álvarez F, Díaz-Cadórniga F. HbA1c in the prediction of type 2 diabetes compared with fasting and 2-h post-challenge plasma glucose: The Asturias study (1998–2005). Diabetes Metab. 2011;37(1):27–32.
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Published
2022-03-30
How to Cite
Nurhayati, P., Irham, A. M., Pramana, I. D. B. K. W. ., & Harahap, H. S. (2022). HBA1C SEBAGAI KANDIDAT BIOMARKER UNTUK PREDIKSI PROGESIVITAS GANGGUAN KOGNITIF TERKAIT DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2. Jurnal Kedokteran, 11(1), 732–738. https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v11i1.517
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