Meningkatkan Efektivitas Umpan Balik dalam Pendidikan Klinik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v5i3.301Kata Kunci:
feedback, effective feedback, clinical education, learning cultureAbstrak
Umpan balik memainkan peranan penting dalam pendidikan klinik. Berbagai literatur telah menunjukkan manfaat umpan balik dalam meningkatkan performa mahasiswa dan profesional. Namun demikian tidak semua umpan balik bermanfaat; beberapa bahkan dapat menghambat pembelajaran. Agar efektif untuk mendorong pembelajaran, umpan balik harus menjawab tiga pertanyaan penting mengenai tujuan yang ingin dicapai, perbandingan kualitas performa saat ini dengan performa yang diharapkan, serta petunjuk untuk pembelajaran selanjutnya. Selain itu, level fokus dari umpan balik juga mempengaruhi efektivitasnya. Meski demikian artikel ini berargumen bahwa fokus yang sempit pada kualitas isi umpan balik saja tidak cukup karena pembelajar tidak pasif menerima umpan balik begitu saja dan umpan balik tidak berlangsung dalam vakum. Pembimbing klinis perlu memahami peran pembelajar dalam menerima dan memproses umpan balik serta peran budaya lingkungan belajar di kedokteran dalam memfasilitasi dan menghambat pertukaran umpan balik di pendidikan klinik. Artikel ini mendiskusikan cara-cara meningkatkan kualitas umpan balik berdasarkan pemahaman terhadap ketiga aspek ini: isi dan fokus umpan balik, proses penerimaan umpan balik oleh pembelajar dan peran budaya lingkungan belajar.
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