Bakteri Non Fermenter sebagai Patogen: Fokus pada Spektrum Infeksi Stenotrophomonas maltophilia di Kota Mataram
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v5i2.185Kata Kunci:
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, spektrum infeksi, kondisi imunokompromaisAbstrak
Latar belakang: Bakteri non fermenter dahulu dikenal sebagai kontaminan pada pemeriksaan mikrobi- ologi, saat ini bakteri non fermenter juga dikenal sebagai pathogen dengan status resisten terhadap banya antibtiotika, diantaranya kelompok Carbapenem dan Penisilin. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia sebagai salah satu bakteri non fermenter, basil Gram negative aerob, sering terisolasi bersama-sama dengan Pseudomonas spp. dari pasien imunokompromais. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan spektrum infeksi S. maltophilia di Mataram. Metode: Isolate S. maltophilia yang didapat dari data laboratorium dikumpulkan, data rekam medis dianalisa periode Juni 2014 – September 2015 Hasil: Terdapat 12 isolate S. maltophilia. Spektrum infeksi: pneumonia (6), infeksi jaringan ikat (4), dan infeksi saluran kencing (2). Rasio laki-laki: perempuan = 8:4. Kondisi imunokompromais: usia lanjut/muda (7), terapi Carbapenem (7), penggunaan ventilator (3), dan pasien ICU (4). Marker infeksi: SIRS (12), sepsis (6). Pola kepekaan antimikroba (sensitive): ceftazidime (8), ciprofloxacin (7), cefoperazone (5), cefepime (4), gentamicin (3), meropenem (2), amikacin (2), fosfomycin, linezolid dan, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1), penicillin dan cefadroxil (0). Kesimpulan: Pneumonia merupakan kasus dominan. Mayoritas faktor resiko infeksi Stenotropho- monas maltophilia merupakan kondisi imunokompromais. Semua isolat resisten terhadap cefadroxil dan penicillin. Kepekaan tertinggi-terendah: ceftazidime, ciprofloxacine, cefoperazone, cefepime, gentamicin, meropenem, fosfomycin, linezolid dan amikacin. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole bukan merupakan obat pilihan terhadap infeksi Stenotrophomonas maltophilia di Mataram.
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