KORELASI ANTARA INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) DENGAN RISIKO PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULER MENGGUNAKAN SKOR RISIKO FRAMINGHAM PADA POPULASI DI KOTA MATARAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v6i3.1.288Kata Kunci:
Penyakit kardiovaskular, obesitas, IMT, Skor Risiko FraminghamAbstrak
Latar Belakang: Obesitas merupakan permasalahan kesehatan dunia. Prevalensi obesitas di Indonesia meningkat tahun 2007 hingga tahun 2013. Riskesdas 2013 menyatakan penyakit tidak menular nomor satu yang disebabkan oleh obesitas adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler. Metode pengukuran obesitas yang paling sering digunakan adalah indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Skor risiko Framingham seringkali dipakai sebagai metode penilaian risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler selama 10 tahun yang akan datang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara IMT dengan risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler menggunakan persentase skor risiko Framingham.
Metode: Penelitian ini meggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Lombok Epicentrum Mall pada bulan Oktober 2015. Sebanyak 66 partisipan berusia lebih dari 50-74 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diikutsertakan pada penelitian ini. Tingkat risiko penyakit kardiovaskular diestimasi berdasarkan Framingham Risk Score yang meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, merokok, tekanan darah sistolik, diabetes mellitus, kolesterol total, dan kolesterol HDL. Pengukuran IMT dihitung dengan membagi berat badan dengan kuadrat tinggi badan. Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rentang nilai IMT pada subyek penelitian adalah 18,54 – 38,21 kg/m2 dengan median 24,41 kg/m2. Sementara nilai median persentase FRS pada penelitian ini adalah 9,1% dengan rentang minimum dan maksimum adalah 2,19 – 63,34%. Berdasarkan uji korelasi Spearman diperoleh koefisien korelasi sebesar -0,066 (p=0,596).
Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi yang tidak signifikan antara IMT dengan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular menggunakan persentase skor risiko Framingham pada populasi di Kota Mataram.
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